IT 244: Introduction to Linux/Unix - Answers to Class 12 Ungraded Quiz

IT 244: Introduction to Linux/Unix
Answers to Class 12 Ungraded Quiz

By default, where does Standard Input come from?
```
the keyboard
```
By default, where does Standard Error go?
```
to the screen
```
If you wanted to send the output of ls to the file dir_listing.txt, what would you enter at the command line?
```
ls  >  dir_listing.txt
```
If you wanted the program do_something to take input from the file data.txt what would you write at the command line?
```
do_something  <  data.txt
```
If you wanted to run the program do_something but have no output appear on the screen, or be sent to a file, what would you type at the command line?
```
do_something >  /dev/null
```
If you wanted to add the output of who to the file logged_on.txt what would you type at the command line?
```
who  >>  logged_on.txt
```
If a program does not specify where its input comes from, where would it come from?
```
from Standard Input
```
If a program does not specify where its output goes to, where would it go?
```
to Standard Output
```
Where does a program send its error messages?
```
to Standard Error
```